| Learn more |
| TEL:+86-10-63591520 |
| TEL:+86-10-63591500 |
| Email: |
| webmaster@cptdc.cnpc.com.cn |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Part 9 Heavy Oil Production Equipment | | 1. Steam Injection Thermal Recovery Equipment | | The steam injection is a major technique for heavy oil recovery at present. The steam is produced by steam injection boiler and flows to the steam injection well through steam injection pipe network, passes the thermal recovery wellhead, insulated tubing, expansion joint and thermal packer in turn, then enters and heats the oil layer. | | The Steam Injection Boiler | | The steam injection boiler is a special-purpose boiler for the recovery of heavy oil. It is a direct current boiler of forced circulation. This boiler is of sub critical working pressure. The steam quality is 80-85%. | | ● Specifications of Steam Injection Boilers | | Parameters | Type | | YZG-22.5/17.2-G, D | YZG-22.5/9.5-G, D | YZG-22.5/21-G, D | YZG-9.2/9.5-G, D | | Rated evaporation capacity t/h (lb/h) | 22.5 (50, 000) | 22.5 (50, 000) | 22.5 (50, 000) | 9.2 (20, 000) | | Rated working pressure MPa (psi) | 17.2 (2, 500) | 9.5 (1, 400) | 21 (3, 000) | 9.5 (1, 400) | Feed temperature
℃ ( ˚F) | >10 (50) | >10 (50) | >10 (50) | >10 (50) | Steam temperature
℃ ( ˚F) | 350 (660) | 307 (610) | 370 (700) | 307 (610) | Steam quality
％ | 80 | 80 | 90 | 80 | | Combustion typ | pressure combustion | pressure combustion | pressure combustion | pressure combustion | Thermal efficiency
％ | 80 | 80 | 86 | 86 | | Control mode | Screen & PLC | Screen & PLC | Screen & PLC | Screen & PLC | | Loading mode | Packaged | Packaged | Packaged | Packaged | | Fuel discharge | Gas | Oil | Gas | Oil | Gas | Oil | Gas | Oil | 1, 500 Nm3/h
(53, 000 ft3/h)
1, 400 kg/h (3, 000 lb/h) | 1, 500 Nm3/h
(53, 000 ft3/h)
1, 400 kg/h (3, 000 lb/h) | 1, 500 Nm3/h
(53, 000 ft3/h)
1, 400 kg/h (3, 000 lb/h) | 680 Nm3/h (23, 900 ft3 /h)
560 kg/h (1, 240 lb/h) | | Weigh | 95 t (21, 000 lb) | 75 t (16, 500 lb) | 85 t (18, 750 lb) | 35 t (7, 700 lb) | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Parameters | Type | | YZG-9.2/17.2-G、D | YZGM-9.2/17.2-G、D | YZGM-9.2/21-G、D | YZGM-11.2/21-G、D | | Rated evaporation capacity t/h (lb/h) | 9.2 (20, 000) | 9.2 (20, 000) | 9.2 (20, 000) | 11.2 (25, 000) | Rated working pressure
MPa (Psi) | 17.2 (2, 500) | 17.2 (2, 500) | 21 (3, 000) | 21 (3, 000) | Feed
temperature
℃ ( ˚F) | >10 (50) | >10 (50) | >10 (50) | >10 (50) | Steam temperature
℃ ( ˚F) | 350 (660) | 350 (660) | 370 (700) | 350 (660) | | Steam quality ％ | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | | Combustion type | pressure combustion | pressure combustion | pressure combustion | pressure combustion | Thermal
efficiency ％ | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | | Control mode | Screen & PLC | Screen & PLC | Screen & PLC | Screen & PLC | | Loading mode | Packaged | Packaged | Packaged | Packaged | | Fuel discharge | Gas | Oil | Gas | Oil | Gas | Oil | Gas | Oi | 680 Nm3/h
(23, 900 ft3 /h)
560 kg/h (1, 235 lb/h) | 680 Nm3/h
(23, 900 ft3 /h)
560 kg/h (1, 235 lb/h) | 680 Nm3/h
(23, 900 ft3 /h)
560 kg/h (1, 240 lb/h) | 770 Nm3/h
(27, 200 ft3 /h)
640 kg/h (14, 010 lb/h) | | weight | 40t (88, 000 lb) | 45t (99, 000 lb) | 45t t (99, 000 lb) | 50t (11, 000 lb) | | | | | | | | | |
| | |  | | | | Thermal Recovery Wellhead Assemblies | | Thermal recovery wellhead assemblies are specialized wellheads suitable for steam huff-puff, steam drive, and SAGD, which have the functions of both production and steam injection. By using them, steam with high temperature and high pressure is controlled during steam injection. | | ● KYS14.8-Y Thermal Recovery Wellhead | | The gate valve is expanded dual-plate type, with single-side semi-forced sealing obtained by hand-operating rising stem. Each gate valve consists of expander, valve seat and two valve plates of certain slope. The valve plate and the valve seat contact each other by plane, and the expander and the plate contact each other by slope. When the gate valve is closed, the valve stem drives the valve plate to move downward, and the expander brings the valve plate a horizontal movement, which guarantees the forcing contact between the valve plate and the valve seat. Pressurized by the medium, the valve plate is tightly against the valve seat on the exit end to keep the gate valve in the sealing condition. The specific contact angle between the valve plate and the expander allows for an easy operation, small switch torque without any self-locking, and compensates the interval change due to linear expansion. |  | | ◆Specifications | | Nominal bore diameter | 65 mm (2-9/16”) | | Bore diameter of big cross | 165 mm (6-1/2”) | | Max working pressure | 21 MPa (3, 000 psi) | | Suitable temperature | -29 ℃to 370 ℃ ( -20 to 700 ˚F) | | Suitable medium | Oil, water, saturated steam, workover fluid | | Connecting thread of casing flange | 7CSG | | Connecting thread oftubing hanger flange | 4-1/2UPTBG | | Connecting mode | Clamp-on |
| | | | ● SAGD Wellhead | The SAGD (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage) wellhead consists of casing flange, big cross, gate valve, thick flange, hanger assembly of coiled tubing and wellhead shut-in equipment.
The SAGD wellhead assembly is expected to hang three tubing strings at the same time so as to meet the dynamic adjustment of technology parameters in SAGD production process. The three-tubing strings and the reducing coupling arrangement of SAGD wellhead assembly allows the wellhead assembly to hang production tubing and the guide tubing at the same time, and the guide tubing encloses a testing string for the coiled tubing. Due to high pressure, the downhole gas mixture has great possibility of upwelling during oil production, and causes blowout. It is at the well site, so measures must be taken. A shut-in device is installed at the cross of the wellhead. In case of any emergency, the blow-out can be controlled by turning the hand-wheel on both sides to drive the packing elements to seal the polished rod quickly, thus the high pressure fluid can not flow up to the well. |  | | | | ◆Specifications | | Nominal bore diameter | 80 mm (3.15”) | | Bore diameter of big cross | 245 mm (9-5/8”) | | Max working pressure | 21 MPa (3, 000 psi) | | Working temperature | -29 ℃to 370 ℃ ( -20 to 700 ˚F) | | Applicable medium | Water, saturated steam, crude oil | | Connecting thread of casing flange | 9-5/8BSCG | | Connecting thread of tubing head reducing joint | 4-1/2TBG | | Connecting thread of dual testing tubing string | 1.9TBG | | Connecting mode | Flange |
| | | | Pre-stressed Insulated Tubing | | Insulated tubing is one of the important parts in downhole for thermal recovery of heavy oil. The purposes of employing insulated tubing in steam injection (steam drive or steam puff & huff) are: avoid the damage or distortion of casing and cement sheath under high temperature in the steam injection well; decrease heat loss during steaming process; and inject the heat energy of high temperature and pressure steam to the heavy oil layer maximally. |  | Insulated tubing consists of an insulated system (formed by inner tube, outer tube and multi-layer insulation material), coupling and insert and insulation sleeve. The method of pre-stressing is applied on the inner tube to compensate the extension differences between the inner and outer pipes to guarantee the working performance of the insulated tubing during production.
The annular between the inner tube and the outer tube is vacuum, and charged with getter material. In addition, there is an insulation sleeve inside of the coupling, which will minimize the heat loss caused by steam condensing on the inner wall of the coupling and that caused by convection. To farther reduce the heat loss, material with low heat conductivity is used to replace that with high heat conductivity for the insulation sleeve. | | | | ● Specifications | | Sizemm (in) | OD of tubemm (in) | ID of tubemm (in) | OD of collar
mm (in) | | 127×76 (5×3) | 127.0 (5) | 76 (3) | 141.3
(5.56) | | 127×62 (5×2.44) | 62 (2.44) | | 114×76 (4-1/2×3) | 114.3
(4-1/2) | 76 (3) | 132.0 (5.2) | | 114×62 (4-1/2×2.44) | 62 (2.44) | | 114×50 (4-1/2×2) | 50.6 (2) | | 88×50 (3-1/2×2) | 88.9 (3-1/2) | 108.0 (4-1/4) | | 73×40 (2-7/8×1.61) | 73.0 (2-7/8) | 40.9 (1.61) | 88.9 (3-1/2) |
| | | | Expansion Joint | | The expansion joint, called downhole thermal compensator, is applied to compensate the thermal expansion and compression of the tubing string during steam injection. It features good sealing, high tensile load and high material strength. |  | | ● Specifications | | Items | SS50-108Y | KSS62-132Y | KSS76-132Y | | Casing OD (in) | 5 | 7 | 7 | | Length (ft) | 10-30 | | ID (in) | 2 | 2002-2-1 | 3 | | OD (in) | 4-1/4 | 5-1/4 | 5-1/4 | | Expansion range (ft) | 3.28 | | Temperature ( ˚F) | 660 | | Pressure (psi) | 2500 | | Connection Thread | 4-1/2 BCSG×3-1/2 TBG | 4-1/2 BCSG×4-1/2 TBG | 4-1/2 BCSG×4-1/2 TBG |
| | | | Thermal Packer Model Y421 | | This product is mainly used for packing the annulus between the casing and tubing string. It prevents the migration of high temperature/high pressure steam up the well annulus, which helps to avoid the loss of heat and pipe pressure. The product shall be easily set or released by turning or pulling the tubing string. It has double slips to provide reliable anchoring and adopts complex sealing elements, featuring high mechanical strength, high temperature resistant, corrosion proof and good sealing ability. With an internal channel, the cyclic well washing and pressure balancing can be realized after release. The running depth reaches 1860m with a max borehole deviation of 28℃. | 
| | ● Specifications | | Packer | Casing | Connection thread | | Model (in) | OD (in) | ID (in) | Size (in) | Weight (lb/ft) | Upper nut | Lower nut | | 5 | 4 | 1.57 | 5 | 18-13 | 2-7/8TBG | 2-7/8TBG | | 2002-5-1 | 2002-4-1 | 1.97 | 2002-5-1 | 20-15.5 | 2-7/8TBG | 2-7/8TBG | | 2008-6-5 | 2002-5-1 | 2.16 | 2008-6-5 | 28-22 | 2-7/8UPTBG | 2-7/8UPTBG | | 7 | 6 | 2.44 | 7 | 29-23 | 2-7/8UPTBG | 3-1/2TBG | | 2008-9-5 | 2008-8-3 | 2.95 | 2008-9-5 | 40-32.3 | 4-1/2TBG | 4-1/2TBG |
| | | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|